Mean follow-up periods were 6.42 ± 2.99 months. The mean operative time was 101.42 ± 49.30 mins. Postoperative MRI and CT revealed total elimination of herniated discs and ideal neural decompression for the treated segments in every patients. Disc height and security were maintained on postoperative x-rays. Preoperative VAS and Oswestry Disability Index scores enhanced dramatically following the surgery. BE-PCIF could be a very good surgical treatment regarding the cervical radiculopathic lesions, which supplies successful surgical decompression as far as distal element of foramen with much better operative view and more simple surgical manipulation. This method may also lessen iatrogenic damages associated with the posterior cervical musculo-ligamentous frameworks which help to maximize the conservation of this facet joint.Odontoidectomy is very effective for the Vacuum Systems decompression of the ventral craniovertebral junction (CVJ). Various approaches are available for the direct ventral decompression of the CVJ. Since there are numerous drawbacks of open transoral method, endoscopic odontoidectomy was developed. You can find 3 approaches in endoscopic odontoidectomy. We report transcervical retropharyngeal endoscopic approach for the ventral CVJ in this report. Three patients with different pathologies got businesses by using this method. The decompression ended up being adequate and surgical intrusion was less in all patients. Each endoscopic approach has some benefits and various working areas because of their approach trajectories, but transcervical retropharyngeal approach is extremely familiar for our neurospinal surgeons and it has a somewhat big working location. This method may have the opportunity to substitute for available transoral method for endoscopic spinal surgeons.Biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) may have features of minimally invasive fusion surgery in addition to those of endoscopic surgery. The goal of this research would be to present the biportal endoscopic TLIF method along with movie presentations and analysis the literary works with this method. Essentially, the biportal endoscopic TLIF strategy is similar to minimally invasive TLIF with a tubular retractor. There have been 2 options within the biportal endoscopic TLIF procedures. The initial ended up being the insertion of 1 Clinico-pathologic characteristics lengthy TLIF cage additionally the various other had been the insertion of 2 short posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) cages. After the interbody fusion procedures, percutaneous pedicles screw fixation had been carried out. Biportal endoscopic TLIF realized complete neural decompression through laminectomy and facetectomy like traditional TLIF. Endplate preparation was carried out totally under a clear and magnified endoscopic view. It had been additionally feasible to place a big TLIF cage or 2 cages for PLIF without leaving nerve root injury. Biportal endoscopic TLIF might have the benefits of endoscopic surgery also minimally invasive fusion surgery. Direct neural decompression, endplate planning under endoscopic guidance, as well as the insertion of a sizable TLIF cage or 2 PLIF cages may be the merits of biportal endoscopic lumbar fusion procedures.The reason behind radiculopathy could be the compression of this nerve root that can be additional to sliding of the vertebra and paid off disc level. In a few patients, decompression alone will not fix this dilemma. We describe the uniportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion method. Full-endocopic foraminotomy and discectomy are accompanied by cage implementation and percutaneous instrumentation. The goal of this surgical method is decompression of nerve origins, part stabilization, disc height, and sagittal alignment restoration. Uniportal endoscopic facet sparing transforaminal transkambin lumbar interbody fusion is an excellent surgical solution to treat degenerative disk disease, technical instability, and spondylolisthesis. This method shows favorable medical outcomes in selected customers. Between January to December 2019, 27 clients with ruptured lumbar disk were underwent CKES. Simple radiographs were acquired to analyze improvement iatrogenic uncertainty or spondylolisthesis. Magnetic resonance imaging scan ended up being checked about 8 hours after surgery to evaluate effective removal of ruptured disk and presence of facet shared infraction. Clinical outcomes were assessed by changed MacNab criteria, visual analogue scale (VAS) results of back and radicular pain. The mean age the customers ended up being 62.8 ± 12.48 years. The common operative time and indicate follow-up period had been 57.1 ± 21.36 minutes and 8.1 ± 3.78 months, respectively. When compared with preoperative scores, the VAS ratings of as well as radicular pain had been somewhat improved. Modified MacNab outcome grade ended up being great to exceptional in 96.3per cent (26 out of 27 clients) of clients. The decrease rate of facet joint plane ended up being about 4.9% after contralateral approach. CKES may be regarded as a great medical solution to treat ruptured lumbar disc with no improvement iatrogenic uncertainty. Low rate of facet combined decrease, great visualization of horizontal recess, and identification MM-102 mouse of accurate midline of central vertebral canal tend to be benefits of the procedure.CKES may be considered as a fantastic surgical solution to treat ruptured lumbar disk minus the development of iatrogenic instability. Low-rate of facet combined decrease, great visualization of lateral recess, and recognition of precise midline of central vertebral channel tend to be features of the procedure.